Introduction of European oak bark beetle into North America would probably have its greatest impact on the eastern hardwood-dominated forests. In Europe, this bark beetle feeds on branches and secondary shoots of various hardwood species, including oaks (Quercus), chestnuts (Castanea), beech (Fagus), birch (Betula), poplars (Populus), willows (Salix), and elms (Ulmus) (USDA APHIS & Forest Service, 2000). The insect targets recently dead, felled, and stressed trees. The beetle has been found to vector a wide variety of fungi, including pathogenic species. Dunnage is the primary vector for the European oak bark beetle, and establishment potential is considered high if introduced (USDA APHIS & Forest Service 2000).